Oscilloscopes are increasingly used to analyze pulsed signals such as radar signals for aerospace and defence as well as automotive applications. The oscilloscopes’ wide analysis bandwidth and manifold trigger capabilities, make them a good fit for the increasing demand for higher bandwidths and accurate signal detection in these applications. R&S®VSE vector signal explorer software is a powerful tool for comprehensive analysis of a variety of signals, providing full support to the Rohde & Schwarz oscilloscope advanced trigger system. Adjusting the trigger settings enables pulses and pulse sequences to be isolated and run full pulse analysis using the R&S®VSE vector signal explorer software.

03-Feb-2021

In addition to frequency, power and long-term stability, short-term stability or its equivalent, phase noise, is an important characteristic of signal sources. For example, the phase noise of conversion oscillators of receivers obtained in the presence of a strong signal determines adjacent-channel sensitivity. In the case of transmitters, the phase noise of the oscillator together with the modulator characteristics is responsible for the power generated in adjacent channels. The phase noise of oscillators or synthesizers and the relevant measurements therefore play an important role in radio transmission systems.

16-Jan-2002 | AN-No. 1EF16

This application note describes the general setup and required equipment for EMC measurements according to the EMS standard IEC / EN 61000-4-3.

29-Mar-2007 | AN-No. 1SP32

Harmonic load pull measurements explore potential device efficiency to find the best design topology.

17-Apr-2023

The R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator offers a remote emulation feature that makes it possible to control the instrument by commands other than the built-in native SCPI commands. This feature allows the user to replace signal generators, e.g. from other manufacturers, with the R&S®SMW200A without having to change the remote control code. This application note describes how to use the remote emulation feature in general. Furthermore, it describes in detail the remote emulation for each supported instrument, limitations of the individual emulations and the remaining differences between the emulated and the original commands.

29-Apr-2016 | AN-No. 1GP110

The R&S®CMW Wideband Radio Communication Tester offers an elaborate parametric test concept, including all RF test cases up to Bluetooth®5, that makes this flexible test platform ideal for designing and verifying Bluetooth® Low Energy (LE) circuitsand modules.

27-Jan-2017

R&S®CMWcards, an intuitive and user-friendly software application, makes mobility verification easier than ever.

09-Apr-2019

Present-day sound studios are hardly conceivable without A/D converters. A/D converters are essential components when music is recorded and they directly influence the recording quality. The current Application Note describes a test program permitting automatic measurements of all parameters of sound studio equipment with the aid of Audio Analyzers UPD or UPL. Measuring converter chips with mostly serial interfaces that are not to standard are not the subject of this Application Note.

26-Jun-1998 | AN-No. 1GA30

Voice over IP for air traffic control

17-Jun-2013

Filter tuning has never been easier and faster. SynMatrix advanced computer-aided tuning enables real time filter optimization in an easy guided process using the R&S®ZNB, R&S®ZND and R&S®ZNL vector network analyzer from Rohde & Schwarz. The SynMatrix solution provides a feature-rich GUI for R&D and lab use, as well as a simplified version for production applications.

02-May-2024

Rohde & Schwarz signal generators can generate standard-compliant WLAN IEEE 802.11ax signals for high efficiency (HE) receiver testing.This application note helps to choose the right generator test solutions and explains step-by-step how to generate 802.11ax SISO and MIMO signals. Measurements, such as EVM, are presented to illustrate the signal performance. Furthermore, this document shows how to test 802.11ax receiver specifications and the newly introduced HE trigger-based PPDU specifications according to the IEEE P802.11ax/D1.3 specification draft.

16-Aug-2017 | AN-No. 1GP115

Development of modern EW systems is a complex and expensive process, that requires thorough testing against all requirements during all phases of development. To keep cost under control, system level testing in the lab is key and brings several advantages: test cases can be reproduced under the exact same conditions as often as necessary. System level testing in the lab is often performed in a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) environment. This application note provides some insight into generating radar signals for hardware-in-the-loop testing with the R&S®SMW200A. An introduction to HIL testing and realtime operation of the R&S®SMW200A is given. The hardware and software interface, the PDW format and synchronization and timing mechanisms are described. Additionally, various example scenarios and detailed information about intermediate calculations are provided. The application note also provides information about system requirements for advanced PDW streaming with multiple emitters on multiple parallel streams.

22-Jan-2021 | AN-No. 1GP124

CLGD, FSW, Applicataion Card, CATV, DOCSIS 3.1 DOCSIS 3.1 BER testing on CATV amplifiers with R&S ® CLGD and R&S ® FSW DOCSIS 3.1 BER testing on CATV amplifiers with R&S®CLGD and R&S®FSW CLGD, FSW, Applicataion Card, CATV, DOCSIS 3.1 DOCSIS 3.1 BER testing on CATV amplifiers with R&S ® CLGD and R&S ® FSW DOCSIS 3.1 BER testing on CATV amplifiers with R&S®CLGD and R&S®FSW CLGD, FSW, Applicataion Card

06-Dec-2016

From the expert’s desk

15-Jan-2021

radio signals, radio services, sensitive radiocommunications systems, radio-controlled landing systems, automatic landing systems, air traffic control, UMS100, ARGUS Automatic monitoring of radio signals at airports interfering with radio services Automatic monitoring of radio signals at airports interfering with radio services radio signals, radio services, sensitive radiocommunications systems, radio-controlled

04-Sep-2006

The R&S®CMW-B400B audio board offers the flexibility to measure and quantify audio applications with the R&S®CMW270/280/500 radio communication testers.

20-Jun-2013

Reliable small cell planning is essential for important deployments like hospitals, manufacturing facilities, simply VIP (CxO) office floors or meeting rooms (the list of examples is endless). Often planning tools do not provide this high reliability and required accuracy.This application note is a simple step-by-step guide that introduces a practical method to perform reliable small cell planning.

09-Feb-2017 | AN-No. 1MA297

Automotive radar is vital to the advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) that will help achieve Net Zero (zero accidents, zero fatalities) targets in the automobile industry. In a driving environment, radar sensors must detect real objects even when there is interference. The R&S®AREG800A automotive radar echo generator is essential to any solution that tests radar sensor immunity to interference.

15-Jun-2023

The R&S®FPS-K18 amplifier measurement option in combination with the R&S®FPS signal and spectrum analyzer and the R&S®SGT100A SGMA vector RF source enables high-speed amplifier characterization.

13-Jun-2016

This application note describes the different memory types and locations that user information can be stored in a spectrum analyzer R&S® FSP, R&S® FSU or R&S® FSQ, as well as the different ways in which it can be erased/cleared for security reasons.

20-Sep-2004 | AN-No. 1EF53

This application explains the setup and procedure to measure the exact time relationship between the CDMA RF signal and even-second clock. The accurate knowledge of this time relationship is e.g. necessary for test setups which require the synchronization of the R&S®CMU200’s CDMA2000 system with a GPS simulator.

09-Nov-2007 | AN-No. 1CM33

This application note introduces the IVI High Speed LAN Instrument Protocol (HiSLIP) and outlines its features. HiSLIP is the successor to the VXI-11 LAN remote control protocol. This document also describes guidelines for using this protocol.

12-Nov-2014 | AN-No. 1MA208

End-to-end conformance testing of 4G and 5G next generation eCall (NG eCall) modules under controlled network conditions

13-May-2024

Increasing demands on power distribution networks have resulted in smaller DC rails, as well as a proliferation of rails that ensure clean power reaches the pins of integrated circuits.

07-Mar-2017

This Application Note describes a software program that provides easy creation and transfer of Pulse Trains between a PC and the R&S SMB100A, R&S SMA100A and R&S SMF100A analog signal generators with the Pulse Train option; or between a PC and the ARB of R&S SMBV100A, R&S SMJ100A or R&S SMU200A vector signal generators.

10-May-2011 | AN-No. 1MA148

This application note explains how to bring a CADENCE system which is attached to an R&S EX-IQ-BOX into service for the first time. The first part of the document shows how to setup an LTE Demo without using a UE design. This setup uses the R&S CMW500 as the downlink transmitter. The emulator receives the downlink via an R&S EX-IQBOX and passes it to an R&S spectrum analyzer (R&S FSx) via a second R&S EXIQ-BOX. The second part describes the real wiring using up- and downlink. This will only work if a UE design is available on the emulator.

30-Jun-2011 | AN-No. 1CM75

In general, most of the existing electronic devices are connected to the AC mains and require a power conversion stage to convert the AC-Voltage to a smaller DC-Voltage. Voltages and frequencies of the power grid differ between different regions. However, different types of AC-DC conversion stages exist to supply the electronic equipment with adequate DC-power.In AC-DC conversion combined with power levels less than 50W, the flyback converter is a commonplace chosen topology because of its simplicity and its low cost. The majority of consumer products make use of this converter type like wall brick power supplies or power adapters for any consumer application and other type of stand-by auxiliary power supply like used in white and brown goods. In AC to DC converter application, an electrical isolation between input and output is mandatory. The flyback topology provides this galvanic barrier.Beside the common advantages of a flyback converter, it has inherently parasitic components, which typically produce ringing waveforms with considerably high voltage spikes. Without suppressing this unwanted ringing, it may have some negative effect on other components like the switching elements. This ringing can also influence the EMI emissions adversely. Therefore, it is an important task to adequate suppress and damp the ringing effect. This damping circuit is known as snubber circuit and provides this functionality. In the flyback converter, different snubber structures can be applied and each of the structure has its advantage and disadvantage.The demand having a snubber circuit in the power supply topology leads to specific verification methods during the design to obtain a proper and reliable design. These verification methods are the main focus of the discussions within this document.

23-Jun-2021 | AN-No. 1SL363

Recent mobile test methods could not evaluate the quality of data reduced speech signals with different coded and decoded signals. The Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) provides the solution for this measuring problem. CDMA2000 PESQ is an add-on tool for CMUgo for automatic measurement of the PESQ for CDMA2000 mobile phones according to recommendation ITU-T P.862.1 featuring selectable fading profiles and variable Additional White Gaussian Noise (AWGN).

05-Jan-2012 | AN-No. 1MA136

This application note describes how to connect a communication tester CMU200 with B-17 (IQ-IF interface option) to a ABFS fading simulator with B-49 dynamic fading option (3GPP) for generating signals under fading conditions. An additional program performs a semi automatic level correction of power fed to the user equipment.

25-Jun-2008 | AN-No. 1MA54

Offering bandwidths up to 160 MHz, the signal generators and analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz are ideal for testing IEEE 802.11ac signals

27-Jun-2013