For establishing a WLAN connection between R&S®CMW and device under test (DUT), the WLAN properties at the R&S®CMW have to be adapted to the test conditions. These can vary in several aspects, particularly due to the different WLAN standards and characteristics of the DUT. This document describes the critical parameters and provides step-by-step procedures for the configuration.

08-Dec-2015 | AN-No. 1C106

Best practices for national regulatory authorities

Key points:Importance of field measurements: Traditional network planning tools and models only offer an estimated view of mobile coverage. Field measurements are conducted under real geographical and load conditions, and therefore provide a more accurate picture and can discover interferences more effectively. Coverage investigations: When deploying a mobile network, operators must adhere to regulatory standards and licensing conditions. As a result, regulatory authorities carry out field measurements on a regular or ad hoc basis to validate compliance or investigate customer complaints. This process identifies coverage gaps and areas of poor network quality, enabling regulatory authorities to take actions to enhance service quality for consumers and guide network expansion.Foster competition: If the field measurements of the coverage and performance are performed on a scale representative of a given country, the transparency of these results can promote healthy competition between operators and better service for consumers, which is essential for economic growth and social development.Measurement Techniques: The harmonized methodology for measuring and evaluating data throughput and QoE based on popular services is described in ETSI TR 103 559.

15-Apr-2024 | AN-No. 8NT14

How I/Q noise cancellation can help significantly improve the EVM performance of your signal and spectrum analyzer.

16-Nov-2023

The R&S®SMB100A RF and microwave signal generator offers a remote emulation feature that makes it possible to control the instrument by commands other than the built-in native SCPI commands. This feature allows the user to replace signal generators, e.g. from other manufacturers, with the R&S®SMB100A without having to change the remote control code. This application note describes how to use the remote emulation feature in general. Furthermore, it describes in detail the remote emulation for each supported instrument, limitations of the individual emulations and the remaining differences between the emulated and the original commands.

20-Mar-2012 | AN-No. 1GP89

Near Field Communication (NFC) is a new short-range, standards-based wireless connectivity technology, that uses magnetic field induction to enable communication between electronic devices in close proximity. Based on RFID technology, NFC provides a medium for the identification protocols that validate secure data transfer. NFC enables users to perform intuitive, safe, contactless transactions, access digital content and connect elec­tronic devices simply by touching or bringing devices into close proximity. This White Paper gives an overview of NFC uses, NFC technology and signals and RF measurements on NFC units. NFC analog measurements with R&S test instruments are described in detail in R&S application Note 1MA190 'Basic Tests of NFC Enabled Devices Using R&S Test Equipment'

03-Jun-2013 | AN-No. 1MA182

Sequencer Software Tool

20-Feb-2015

Sporadic events and errors may occur when developing new measurement instruments and need to be taken into account in all design stages and analyses. The Rohde & Schwarz power supplies can precisely capture such sporadic events and errors.

02-May-2023

3GPP TS36.141 defines conformance tests for EUTRA base stations (eNodeB). Release 14 added several tests, especially for enhanced License Assisted Accsess (eLAA).This application note describes how all required transmitter (Tx) tests (TS36.141 Chapter 6) can be performed quickly and easily by using signal and spectrum analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz. A few tests additionally require signal generators from Rohde & Schwarz.Examples illustrate the manual operation. A free software program enables and demonstrates remote operation.The LTE base station receiver (Rx) tests (TS36.141 Chapter 7) are described in Application Note 1MA195.The LTE base station performance (Px) tests (TS36.141 Chapter 8) are described in Application Note 1MA162.

11-May-2016 | AN-No. 1MA154

The R&S®QPS quick personnel security scanner transforms people-screening technology with its high-performance, fully electronic and solidstate flat panel design that has no moving parts. The R&S®QPS improves the security screening experience and operations by having a simple open design for a spacious screening environment and unobstructed view for security personnel, making high-resolution people screening more comfortable and efficient than ever before.

15-Apr-2019

Modern, capacitive touchscreens as used, for example, in mobile phones are susceptible to common mode noise exhibited by external power supplies (EPS).

17-May-2018

An easy-to-setup test solution for high speed multichannel acquisition for 5G NR signals

04-Mar-2020

R&S®RTP, R&S®RTO, R&S®RTE, oscilloscopes, acquired waveform data, python How to work with acquired waveform data in Python using the R&S®RTP, R&S®RTO or R&S®RTE. Working with acquired waveform data in Python R&S®RTP, R&S®RTO, R&S®RTE, oscilloscopes, acquired waveform data, python How to work with acquired waveform data in Python using the R&S®RTP, R&S®RTO or R&S®RTE. Working with acquired waveform

12-Jan-2022

In this day and age of internet of things, more and more devices are connected to the local network, making it even more difficult for the IT department to monitor them. Rohde & Schwarz instruments are also increasingly accessed via their LAN interface, which provides additional convenience features such as remote desktop, SMB file transfer or a web interface. To make it easier to monitor the use and status of instruments, some devices offer a software option, the Health and Utilization Monitoring Service (HUMS).HUMS can be accessed via SNMP and REST (HTTP) and provides all necessary information about the health status and utilization over time in many details.This application note describes how to access HUMS and what data is provided.

11-Jan-2021 | AN-No. GFM336

The R&S®ELEKTRA EMC test software is a solution that controls complete EMC systems and automates measurements on equipment under test that is being tested for emissions and immunity compliance. It can be used to remotely control R&S®AdVISE, which is a visual inspection software to monitor up to 32 different Regions of Interest in one video for visible and audible changeThis Application Note describes how to set up R&S®ELEKTRA and R&S®AdVISE for remote testing.

23-Jul-2020 | AN-No. 1S005

30 dBm + 30 dBm = 60 dBm? It is well known that it is not as easy as that.

This application note supplies a free of charge software tool that can be used to add or subtract an arbitrary number of powers. In addition, the software can be used to convert power and voltage units from the linear to the logarithmic scale (and vice versa), convert linear power and voltage ratios to decibels, and convert a VSWR to other reflection quantities.

10-Dec-2018 | AN-No. 1GP77

This application note describes how to measure the control loop stability of switch-mode power supplies to get the best performance and confidence of the design. It will explain the main measurement concept and will guide the user during the measurements and mention the main topics in a practical manner. Wherever possible, a hint is given where the user should pay attention to it to avoid weak measurements. The Rohde and Schwarz buck converter reference board was designed in collaboration with Texas Instruments and is used to illustrate the closed loop measurement in a practical manner.

01-Jul-2019 | AN-No. GFM321

All types of information transmission, including the 'one-way' transmission used in broadcasting, involve feeding a radio frequency (RF) signal to an antenna. This is the essence of the most basic type of transmitter used to emit electromagnetic waves. In the real world, however, a transmitter used for broadcast applications, for example, is much more complex in terms of its functions and design. The different transmitter components must be carefully coordinated. There are many quality parameters that are critical in ensuring that a proper output signal is delivered. Rohde & Schwarz designed the R&S® ETL TV analyzer especially for broadcasting applications. The analyzer allows the measurement of the quality parameters that are relevant in analog and digital broadcasting. This Application Note describes the typical quality measurements performed during compliance testing of TV transmitters. The approach discussed here is based on the example of Rohde & Schwarz terrestrial transmitters for analog TV and DVB-T/H.

19-Sep-2007 | AN-No. 7BM67

In high-speed digital measurement applications, test fixtures are commonly used to connect devices under test to measurement equipment. Characterization, and analysis in the time and frequency domains that accounts for various constraints helps to remove the influence of these fixtures.

23-May-2023 | AN-No. 1SL393

Signaling checks, DSMCC object carousel analysis and fault localization all in one instrument: R&S®DVMS, R&S®DVM or R&S®ETL

28-Dec-2012

Embedded power supplies combine traditional power supply components with multiple sensors, processing and control logic as well as digital communications interfaces. Test equipment for debugging requires isolated input channels for measurements of hazardous voltages. Additional digital channels support the analysis of digital signals, while trigger and decode capabilities are essential for time-correlated monitoring of serial protocol-based communications interfaces.

26-Apr-2016

In addition to frequency, power and long-term stability, short-term stability or its equivalent, phase noise, is an important characteristic of signal sources. For example, the phase noise of conversion oscillators of receivers obtained in the presence of a strong signal determines adjacent-channel sensitivity. In the case of transmitters, the phase noise of the oscillator together with the modulator characteristics is responsible for the power generated in adjacent channels. The phase noise of oscillators or synthesizers and the relevant measurements therefore play an important role in radio transmission systems.

16-Jan-2002 | AN-No. 1EF16

The R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator can take on the role of a powerful and flexible signal generation source for the most realistic and agile radar scenarios in highly integrated radar scenario simulators. Equipped with the R&S®SMW-K503/-K504 options, the R&S®SMW200A can generate any stateof-the-art and future I/Q modulated radar signals from streamed pulse descriptor words (PDW). It supports a PDW execution rate of up to 12 megapulse descriptor words per second (MPDW/s).

20-Nov-2020

This application note describes the general setup and required equipment for EMC measurements according to the EMS standard IEC / EN 61000-4-3.

29-Mar-2007 | AN-No. 1SP32

When analyzing the robustness of data transmission systems, jitter is a key indicator. It is recommended to use jitter measurement instruments for both the time and frequency domain in order to differentiate between fast and slow moving artifacts.

22-Aug-2017

The strict requirement of network synchronization is as old as digital cellular mobile networks. As soon as cells have a neighbor relationship, network synchronization is mandatory in both the frequency and time domains in order to ensure UE QoE and performance (Handover, MIMO, data throughput, etc.). This educational note describes how 5G NR with its extremely flexible specifications is affected by these synchronization requirements, and how it can be measured?

17-Aug-2021 | AN-No. 8NT05

The R&S®CMW Wideband Radio Communication Tester offers an elaborate parametric test concept, including all RF test cases up to Bluetooth®5, that makes this flexible test platform ideal for designing and verifying Bluetooth® Low Energy (LE) circuitsand modules.

27-Jan-2017

Integration of instruments with an Ethernet interface, such as the R&S®OSP open switch and control platform, into a pure GPIB bus system.

02-Aug-2010

A turnkey 5G Field-to-Lab solution based on R&S®CMX500

5G New Radio (NR) is the fifth-generation radio interface and radio access technology (RAT) which was officially published by 3GPP in release 15. With the 5G technology, it enters a new era to meet the ever-increasing demands of mobile communications not only in the conventional cellular communication world, but also in the vertical industries.Since the commercialization of 5G NR, worldwide 162 networks have been deployed as per the report of GSA. On the path to the 5G NR network commercialization and service launch, field test is one of the essential user centric processes that User Equipment (UE) vendors should go through. Sophisticated features and versatile deployment options have to be thoroughly checked to ensure the reaching of certain confidence level before the official launch.However, field test is often linked with some challenges, such as► High costs due to the extensive drive tests► Time tedious analysis of a drive test that lowers the efficiency► Lack of test repeatability that makes the regressing tests impossibleWhat if providing an alternative solution in a laboratory environment to cope with all above mentioned challenges during the field test? R&S® as a world-wide well established test measurement equipment manufacturer and solution provider developed a 5G field-to-lab (F2L) turn-key solution, R&S®CM360°. It features► the simulation of the network with the real network configurations to avoid the cost intensive drive test by utilizing mobile radio tester R&S®CMX500► intuitive tools to visualize, drill down the problems and therefore enhance the debugging efficiency based on R&S®SmartAnlytics► the specialized key performance indicator (KPI) tests configured through real network data offered on R&S®CMX500 that guarantee the test reliability and repeatabilityThis application note aims to demonstrate the status of quo R&S®CM360° F2L solution.

16-Jul-2021 | AN-No. 1SL369

This application note describes Methods of Implementations (MOI) for precise, fast and error-free compliance testing of high-speed backplanes and direct attach copper cables (DAC) according to InfiniBand EDR and HDR specifications, based on 25 Gb/s and 50 Gb/s signaling per lane with vector network analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz.

07-Apr-2021 | AN-No. GFM357

Fokus EMI debugging

24-Jul-2024