Although the commercialization of LTE technology began in end 2009, the technology is still being enhanced in order to meet ITU-Advanced requirements. This white paper summarizes these necessary improvements, which are known as LTE-Advanced.

20-Aug-2012 | AN-No. 1MA169

IEEE 802.16m is an amendment to the release IEEE 802.16-2009 standard. The goal set out in 802.16m is to develop an advanced air interface to meet the requirements for IMT-Advanced next generation networks while still supporting legacy 802.16 OFDMA system. This white paper will focus on some of the key features of 16m and provide comparisons to the 802.16-2009 OFDMA PHY (also referred to as 16e) with explanations of the motivations behind for the advanced features in 802.16m.

29-Jul-2010 | AN-No. 1MA167

Most of the HSDPA tests specified in the TS 34.121 for 3GPP Release-5 / -7 and -8 can be performed with an R&S®CMW500. This document provides a step-by-step guide on how to use a stand-alone R&S®CMW500 to perform HSDPA Tests (from Rel.5 up to Rel.8 / DC-HSDPA+) measurements on transmitter characteristics and receiver characteristics in line with TS 34.121 V9.5.0, clauses 5 and 6. A set of save files based on R&S®CMW500 firmware V3.0.10 for user equipment supporting Operating Band I with Power Class 4 is attached to this application note for easy recall of important settings while performing tests in line with the relevant specifications.

17-Aug-2012 | AN-No. 1CM96

The R&S® IQ File Cutter can load IQ data from supported IQ file formats and export part of the signal to another file. This is helpful when dealing with long measurement recordings, of which only parts are of interest and should be extracted for further analysis.

11-May-2020 | AN-No. GFM338

This application note describes how to integrate R&S®ZVA/ZVB/ZVT vector network analyzers with AWR's electronic design automation (EDA) software. Measured data can be exported using the AWR® TestWave™ tool via GPIB/LAN and verified with simulated data. Basic filter design is simplified with the AWR® iFilter™ filter synthesis wizard, an optimization tool that can be introduced to correlate measured data with simulated data.

01-Jun-2010 | AN-No. 1MA163

This document provides an introduction to SDR as used for military radios and presents the relevant T&M solutions offered by Rohde & Schwarz.

15-Sep-2012 | AN-No. 1MA206

This Application Note focuses on measurement of harmonics using modern spectrum analyzers. It highlights the source of harmonics before focusing on their measurement using a spectrum analyzer. The Application Note also explains the benefits of the R&S FSW’s high pass filter option for harmonic measurements.

02-Mar-2012 | AN-No. 1EF78

- not available -

20-Jul-2001 | AN-No. 7BM19

A future-proof API to enable and streamline customized and automated workflows with Rohde & Schwarz DVS software applications.

18-Nov-2014

As part of Release 13, 3GPP has specified a new radio interface, the Narrowband Internet of Things (NBIoT). NB-IoT is optimized for machine type traffic. It is kept as simple as possible in order to reduce device costs and to minimize battery consumption. In addition, it is also adapted to work in difficult radio conditions, which is a frequent operational area for certain machine type communication devices. Although NBIoT is an independent radio interface, it is tightly connected with LTE, which also shows up in its integration in the current LTE specifications.In this whitepaper we introduce the NB-IoT technology with an emphasis on the tight connection to LTE.

08-Aug-2016 | AN-No. 1MA266

Remote control over a public mobile phone network with SMS or via a wireless IP connection.

22-Apr-2013

A major US East Coast broadcast network was looking for a solution that would enable them to orchestrate multiple business units to handle the increased demand to deliver content with a very fast turnaround.

18-Nov-2014

Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology has become the technology of choice for keeping up with the requirement of higher throughput in mobile communication in bands below 6 GHz. It is expected that within the next decade LTE will become the primary commercial standard. LTE is often used to broadcast emergency information in times of natural disasters and national crises and is under investigation for further end use application in government as well as military application fields.Communication via LTE has some vulnerabilities. This drawback is a matter of concern since it is possible to completely take down the LTE network or at least partially block communication, intentionally with the help of jamming signals, or unintentionally through various forms of interference.An example of unintentional interference issues is the frequently discussed co-existence issues with Air Traffic Control (ATC) S-band radar and Digital TV bands. The in-device co-existence challenge is also a potentially important issue with the rapid evolution of multi-standard radios.This White Paper will focus on the vulnerabilities of LTE communication by explaining LTE jamming and unintentional interference problems, address the coexistence issues with other services, and discuss the mitigation options to build a broad perspective on the possible deployment of the LTE technology for future military and civil governmental applications.Understanding the susceptance of new technologies to known and expected environments is critical to the adoption for defense applications

16-Sep-2014 | AN-No. 1MA245

radiated conformance testing according to TS 38.141-2, Rel. 16

3GPP defines the Radio Frequency (RF) conformance test methods and requirements for 5G NR Base Stations (BS) in the technical specifications TS 38.141. This application note describes all mandatory radiated RF transmitter tests (TS 38.141-2, chapter 6), according to Release 16.Furthermore, this document provides a brief introduction about the different R&S OTA antenna test solutions and how they are applicable for base station conformance testing. Rohde & Schwarz offers solutions for any test case that is mentioned in this application note.

20-Dec-2019 | AN-No. GFM324

The 3GPP TS 36.521-1 “Radio transmission and reception” LTE User Equipment (UE) conformance specification defines the measurement procedures for LTE terminals with regard to their transmitting characteristics, receiving characteristics and performance requirements as part of the 3G Long Term Evolution (3G LTE) standard. This application note describes how to use the LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD) measurement functionality provided by the R&S®CMW500 wideband radio communication tester to perform LTE transmitter and receiver measurements according to this test specification.

17-May-2013 | AN-No. 1CM94

Performing a multi-port calibration of a vector network analyzer (VNA) is straight forward by using either a calibration unit with the corresponding numbers of ports or single calibration standards. This paper shows how to perform a n-port multi-port calibration by using calibration unit with a lower number of ports than available of the vector network analyzer.

06-Feb-2013 | AN-No. 1EZ70

Secure interconnection of ATC voice networks

11-Mar-2019

Getting EMI emissions under control is one of those tasks that R&D engineers do not enjoy doing . EMI must often be taken into consideration as early as the design phase, particularly in the case of power electronics systems with increasing switching speeds of wideband gap semiconductors. While EMI receivers or spectrum analyzers are always the preferred choice for these measurements, they are often not available as standard measurement equipment in the R&D lab. To allow optimization early on in the R&D lab, Rohde & Schwarz provides a free tool to simplify conducted emissions debugging using oscilloscopes.

27-Sep-2021 | AN-No. 1SL372

The option R&S®EMC32-K24 extends the emission measurement of the EMI Auto Test (R&S®EMC32-K10) with interactive measurement capabilities. This extension is useful for test verification and measurement during product improvement.

25-Jun-2014 | AN-No. 1SP06

The option R&S®EMC32-K23 extends the emission measurement of the EMI Auto Test (R&S®EMC32-K10) with 3D measurement capabilities.This extension is useful to display the 3D radiation pattern of each frequency.This Application Notes shows all necessary settings for 3D measurement.

26-Aug-2014 | AN-No. 1SP08

This application note discusses several basic methods for reading and displaying measurement results from EMI test receivers. The included free programming example is small and easily comprehended, so that users can quickly learn how to program test receivers.

01-Dec-2012 | AN-No. 1MA185

I/Q waveform files contain the digital complex sample values of a radio signal. They can be synthetically computer-calculated for generating precisely defined contents, or they can represent the recording of a received live signal. The structure of these files has never been standardized, which is why so many different formats are in use today. R&S®IQ Converter and R&S®IQ Stream Extractor are programs that quickly and conveniently convert the contents of I/Q waveform files of nearly any structure into the I/Q format used by the R&S®BTC, R&S®CLG, R&S®SLG, R&S®SFU, R&S®SFE and R&S®SFE100 signal generators. This makes it possible for the signal generators to use their integrated ARB function to generate precise RF signals from nearly any I/Q waveform file.

03-Feb-2014 | AN-No. 7BM79

Today, digital audio signals are transmitted via standardized interfaces not only in the form of continuous data streams but also increasingly as burst audio signals. This application note shows various ways of generating and analyzing such data bursts with Audio Analyzer UPD. In the applications described, the parameters word clock, bit clock and word length can be set over wide ranges. Single-channel and dual-channel audio data with bit clocks far into the MHz range can be processed.

05-Nov-1997 | AN-No. 1GA38

- not available -

20-Jul-2001 | AN-No. 7BM28

This whitepaper provides an overview of the WLAN offload in LTE as standardized by 3GPP, as well as the enhancements for Wi-Fi standardized by IEEE and the Wi-Fi Alliance. It also describes access methods in the joint network, treats the security, and describes IP mobility. In addition network discovery and selection are explained.

10-Dec-2012 | AN-No. 1MA214

The constantly increasing number of telecommunication services and subscribers is putting more and more pressure on the availability of already scarse frequencies. Authorities responsible for monitoring and regulating the radio traffic are confronted with more and more complex problems relating to radiomonitoring and frequency management. Without exact data - a prerequisite for monitoring existing installations and planning new services - it is impossible to solve the problem. It is essential to use the proper measurement equipment. This Application Note deals with the following measurements: Measuring various signal parameters at defined frequencies. Monitoring emissions for compliance with specified limits for field strength, modulation depth/index, frequency deviation and offset.

18-Jan-2002 | AN-No. 1EE13

This application note describes how noise figure and gain of amplifiers or converters in the microwave range from 50 GHz to 67 GHz are measured. For this purpose the R&S FSU67 spectrum analyzer is equipped with application firmware R&S FS-K30 in combination with the Noisecom NC5115-60G, or NC5115-60GT Noise Figure Test Set.

12-May-2009 | AN-No. 1EF64

Femtocells or Home base stations are an important development for cellular networks. This application note describes the tests commonly used during the production of Femtocells, focusing on WCDMA, HSPA, and HSPA+ technology. Tests, test plans and hardware setups for Femtocells with and without receiver diversity are detailed. Find hints about the instrument settings and have a look at typical measurement results. An introduction to simulating GPS / A-GPS signals for testing the GPS receiver of a Femtocell completes the paper.

02-Feb-2012 | AN-No. 1MA139

The trigger is a key element of an oscilloscope. It captures specific signal events for detailed analysis and provides a stable view on repeating waveforms. Since its invention in the 1940s the oscilloscope trigger has experienced continuous enhancements. The fully digital trigger of the R&S®RTO digital oscilloscopes sets an innovation milestone that brings significant advantages for the oscilloscope user in terms of measurement accuracy, acquisition density, and functionality. This application note introduces the working principles of a conventional trigger system and explains the advantages of the real-time capable digital trigger of the RTO oscilloscopes.

11-Apr-2012 | AN-No. 1ER04

EMI Automotive Band Evaluation extension is an on-board EMI measurement sequence in broadband and communications frequency bands for automotive and aerospace applications. This application notes shows how to configure, run, and automatically document tests in a sequence coming with EMC32-K51.

17-Jul-2014 | AN-No. 1SP07