The Radiocommunication Tester CRTx can be used to test various aspects of GSM based mobile telephones. For this, a large number of testcases written in accordance with the GSM Rec. 11.10-1 are available. These tests are written in Borland C programming language, are supplied as source code, may also be modified by the user and are normally performed manually.

07-Mar-2002 | AN-No. 1CMAN30E

Assessing the functionality and performance of 5G VoNR service

30-Jun-2021

- not available -

20-Jul-2001 | AN-No. 7BM24

Even with the introduction of HSDPA and HSUPA, evolution of UMTS has not reached its end. To ensure the competitiveness of UMTS for the next 10 years and beyond, UMTS Long Term Evolution (LTE) is being specified in 3GPP release 8. LTE, which is also known as Evolved UTRA and Evolved UTRAN, provides new physical layer concepts and protocol architecture for UMTS. This application note introduces LTE technology and testing aspects.

14-Sep-2009 | AN-No. 1MA111

This application note describes Methods of Implementation (MOI) for precise, fast, and error-free compliance testing of USB Type-C to legacy adapter assemblies supporting USB3.1 Gen1, and USB2.0. Based on 5 Gbps signaling per lane with vector network analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz.

18-Jan-2024 | AN-No. 1SL407

The MHL standard specifies the transmission of high-definition audio and video data on five individual lines, as well as the exchange of bidirectional control information and the supply of power from the sink to the source. Over 200 million portable CE devices - such as mobile phones, tablet PCs and cameras - already use this interface to present content onto larger screens. To ensure functionality and interoperability, every new MHL-capable device must, before entering the market, undergo thorough tests at an authorized test center (ATC) in line with the compliance test specification (CTS) issued by the MHL Consortium. This application note provides an overview of the MHL technology and also describes the Rohde & Schwarz compliance test solution for the system part of the current MHL2.0 standard version.

14-May-2013 | AN-No. 7BM83

A typical application for signal generators and spectrum analyzers is measuring nonlinearities of RF amplifiers. This application note discusses the basics of nonlinearities and describes the nonlinearity measurement using the R&S Value Instruments RF Signal Generator R&S®SMC100A and Spectrum Analyzer R&S®FSC.

20-May-2014 | AN-No. 1MA71

With the test setup described, specific auxiliary data can inserted into the MPEG-2 transport streams for testing Set-Top Boxes for MHP and SSU. MHP (Multimedia Home Platform) applications can be added to the MHP test configuration and tested on the receiver, with the SSU configuration software updates of Settop Boxes can be performed according to TS 102 006.

09-Aug-2004 | AN-No. FTK02

A simple concept with Azure IoT

Cloud development, microservice architectures and container virtualization are becoming more and more standard. Software components are repacked into containers, networked with each other and then brought into the cloud. The topic is also becoming increasingly interesting for test & measurement.But how do you connect your existing measurement equipment to the cloud, with instruments in some cases not even having an internet connection?This document describes an approach how to establish a remote connection between the instrument and the cloud using an IoT broker. The implementation is done using an Azure IoT Hub and software in .NET Core.

15-Dec-2020 | AN-No. GFM319

This white paper describes the POLQA® algorithm implemented in the R&S®UPV Audio Analyzer and shows an example hardware setup for standard independent audio measurements.

30-May-2012 | AN-No. 1MA202

As part of Release 13, 3GPP has specified a new radio interface, the Narrowband Internet of Things (NBIoT). NB-IoT is optimized for machine type traffic. It is kept as simple as possible in order to reduce device costs and to minimize battery consumption. In addition, it is also adapted to work in difficult radio conditions, which is a frequent operational area for certain machine type communication devices. Although NBIoT is an independent radio interface, it is tightly connected with LTE, which also shows up in its integration in the current LTE specifications.In this whitepaper we introduce the NB-IoT technology with an emphasis on the tight connection to LTE.

08-Aug-2016 | AN-No. 1MA266

Remote control over a public mobile phone network with SMS or via a wireless IP connection.

22-Apr-2013

This white paper summarizes significant additional technology components based on LTE, which are included in 3GPP Release 12 specifications. The LTE technology as specified within 3GPP Release 8 was first commercially deployed by end 2009. Since then the number of commercial networks is strongly increasing around the globe. LTE has become the fastest developing mobile system technology ever. As other cellular technologies LTE is continuously worked on in terms of improvements. 3GPP groups added technology components according to so called releases. Initial enhancements were included in 3GPP Release 9, followed by more significant improvements in 3GPP Release 10, also known as LTE-Advanced. Beyond Release 10 a number of different market terms have been used. However 3GPP reaffirmed that the naming for the technology family and its evolution continues to be covered by the term LTE-Advanced. Therefore LTE-Advanced remains the correct description for specifications defined from Release 10 onwards, including 3GPP Release 12.

04-Aug-2015 | AN-No. 1MA252

Rohde & Schwarz test receivers of the ESXS, ESS and ESXN series are equipped with a 3.5' floppy-disk drive so that receiver settings, scan results, limit lines, transducer factors and whole sets of transducers can be stored on a floppy disk and reloaded into the receiver. Data can only be loaded into the receiver type from which they have been stored. The reason is that data eg from an ESHS30, which operates in the frequency range from 9 kHz to 30 Hz, should not be loaded into an ESVS30 as the data of the two units may be incompatible to because of the different frequency ranges alone (ESVS30: 20 MHz to 1000 MHz). However, in some cases it may be desirable to load an ESVS20 file into an ESVS30, or an ESN file into an ESVN40.

18-Jan-2002 | AN-No. 1EE19

1TD04 1TD04, DC/DC, Oscilloscopes The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of a power supply using an oscilloscope. The main measurements taken are the input frequency, output voltage, output current, and the switching frequency. Initial Evaluation of a DC/DC Switch Mode Power Supply 1TD04 1TD04, DC/DC, Oscilloscopes The objective of this paper is to evaluate the performance of a

26-Nov-2013 | AN-No. 1TD04

All models of the receiver family ESXS are equipped with a remote-control interface to IEC 625-2 (IEEE 488.2). Via this bus almost all instrument settings can be effected, measurements triggered and test results read in by the PC.

18-Jan-2002 | AN-No. 1EE05

This application note describes how to characterize RMS jitter with the R&S FSUP signal source analyzer. The instrument can distinguish random jitter and periodic jitter easily and measure all parameters of interest. New feature: A filter function can be used for jitter calculation to simulate the frequency response of the PLL in the DUT.

05-Apr-2011 | AN-No. 1EF71

Secure interconnection of ATC voice networks

11-Mar-2019

Getting EMI emissions under control is one of those tasks that R&D engineers do not enjoy doing . EMI must often be taken into consideration as early as the design phase, particularly in the case of power electronics systems with increasing switching speeds of wideband gap semiconductors. While EMI receivers or spectrum analyzers are always the preferred choice for these measurements, they are often not available as standard measurement equipment in the R&D lab. To allow optimization early on in the R&D lab, Rohde & Schwarz provides a free tool to simplify conducted emissions debugging using oscilloscopes.

27-Sep-2021 | AN-No. 1SL372

This Application Note focuses on measurement of harmonics using modern spectrum analyzers. It highlights the source of harmonics before focusing on their measurement using a spectrum analyzer. The Application Note also explains the benefits of the R&S FSW’s high pass filter option for harmonic measurements.

02-Mar-2012 | AN-No. 1EF78

LTE Location Based Services (LBS) involve the process of determining where a device is located. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) based solutions are highly accurate and the technology of choice for absolute position accuracy, providing the device has a good line-of-sight, but this is not always the case. A device can be in a highly dense urban environment with reduced satellite visibility or indoors with very low signal levels.These limitations of GNSS systems have meant that LTE cellular based alternatives have been developed within 3GPP Release 9 and onwards.They are described in this white paper.

29-May-2015 | AN-No. 1SP05

Determining the field strength from transmitted power is not an easy job. Various, quite complicated formulas have to be evaluated correctly. This application note explains, how to calculate electric and magnetic field strength and power flux density. A program associated to this application note helps to do the calculation and converts Watts to mW and dBm, V/m to mV/m and dBmV/m as well as A/m to mA/m and dBmA/m. Additional applications are calculation of propagation loss or antenna factors.

10-Dec-2018 | AN-No. 1MA85

This application note describes how noise figure and gain of amplifiers or converters in the microwave range from 50 GHz to 67 GHz are measured. For this purpose the R&S FSU67 spectrum analyzer is equipped with application firmware R&S FS-K30 in combination with the Noisecom NC5115-60G, or NC5115-60GT Noise Figure Test Set.

12-May-2009 | AN-No. 1EF64

The option R&S®EMC32-K23 extends the emission measurement of the EMI Auto Test (R&S®EMC32-K10) with 3D measurement capabilities.This extension is useful to display the 3D radiation pattern of each frequency.This Application Notes shows all necessary settings for 3D measurement.

26-Aug-2014 | AN-No. 1SP08

DTV IP Inserter DIP1. Network for IP Insertion2. Insertion rate up to 10 Mbps3. Insertion rate higher than 10 Mbps4. Demonstration Scenario5. Demonstration Scenario End to End

30-Mar-2001 | AN-No. FTK01_0E

This application note discusses several basic methods for reading and displaying measurement results from EMI test receivers. The included free programming example is small and easily comprehended, so that users can quickly learn how to program test receivers.

01-Dec-2012 | AN-No. 1MA185

This application note describes the testing of the sensitivity of DAB receivers according to the European Standard EN 50248 ‘Characteristics of DAB receivers’, using the test set 'Automatic DAB Receiver Test'.

11-Nov-2005 | AN-No. FTK03

- not available -

20-Jul-2001 | AN-No. 7BM13

Data rates in the range of several Gigabit/s are needed to transmit signals like uncompressed video signals. Amendment 802.11ad to the WLAN standard defines the MAC and PHY layers for very high throughput (VHT) in the 60 GHz range. The specification 802.11-2016 has defined additional modulation and codings schemes for the 11ad single carrier part to increase the data rate. The OFDM part is obsolete.This white paper provides an introduction to the technology behind 802.11ad and highlights the test and measurement requirements.

21-Nov-2013 | AN-No. 1MA220

Today, digital audio signals are transmitted via standardized interfaces not only in the form of continuous data streams but also increasingly as burst audio signals. This application note shows various ways of generating and analyzing such data bursts with Audio Analyzer UPD. In the applications described, the parameters word clock, bit clock and word length can be set over wide ranges. Single-channel and dual-channel audio data with bit clocks far into the MHz range can be processed.

05-Nov-1997 | AN-No. 1GA38