This application note introduces the methods to convert MediaFLO™ waveform files to ARB format to be used with R&S® Broadcast Signal Generators SFx-K35 ARB Generator. R&S® IQWIZARD and WinIQSIM™ software are used, providing a quick and simple file conversion method.

10-Nov-2008 | AN-No. 7BM73

For measurements of non-connectorized devices, test fixtures, probes or other structures are used to adapt from the coaxial interface of the test setup to the device under test (DUT). For accurate measurements of the DUT, these lead-ins and lead-outs need to be characterized, so that their effects can be mathematically removed, i.e. de-embedded from the measurement results.This application note provides practical hints to accurately characterize and de-embed these lead-in and lead-out structures with R&S Vector Network Analyzers ZNA, ZNB, ZNBT and ZND. As de-embedding is also essential in other test equipment like oscilloscopes, etc., this guide also describes, how lead-ins and lead-outs can be accurately characterized with a VNA and then exported as an S-Parameter file to be used by other test instruments.

19-Sep-2022 | AN-No. 1SL367

Selecting Your Next Oscilloscope:

If you are selecting your next oscilloscope and want more insight on how to understand ENOB values measured and published by oscilloscope manufacturers, this document is for you. The effective number of bits (ENOB) is a way of quantifying the quality of analog to digital conversion. A higher ENOB means that voltage levels recorded in analog to digital conversion are more accurate. Understanding oscilloscope vendor-supplied ENOB values can be complex. This document focuses on interpretation of measured ENOB results made on oscilloscopes rather than the math behind ENOB calculations.

21-Jun-2024 | AN-No. 1TD12

Testing the tolerance to phase and impulsive noise is an integral part of quality tests for DVB-T/H and ATSC (8VSB) receivers, and several national and international standards specify guidelines and minimum requirements in this context. This Application Note introduces the R&S SFU-K42 impulsive noise option, the R&S SFU-K41 phase noise option, as well as the R&S SFU-K43 multinoise use option and describes how these can be used for testing the tolerance to phase and impulsive noise on commercial receivers.

26-Jan-2007 | AN-No. 7BM64

Signal faults and anomalies can cause electrical and electronic systems to fail. Especially in the field, these errors can lead to system downtimes and produce high costs. Consequently, finding them quickly and efficiently as well as identifying their source are crucial.

30-Dec-2015

Communication systems according to IS-136 (NADC) use Time Division Multiplex Access (TDMA) for the communication between base station and mobile stations. There are 6 time slots available. Depending on the amount of data, which have to be transmitted, the system uses full rate channels or half rate channels. A full rate channel means, that the mobile is accessed every 3rd time slot (e.g time slot 1 and 3, time slot 2 and 4 or time slot 3 and 6). With half rate channels the mobile is accessed every 6th time slot. Full rate and half rate channels may be mixed on demand. The base stations transmit continous on their frequency. Depending on the used combination of full rate and half rate channels the base station uses a different sequence of synchronisation words. The mobile stations use bursted transmission with one of the synchronisation words S1 to S6 defined in the standard. Signal Generator SME is excellently suited to generate these signals to test either base station receivers or mobile phone receivers. Together with the modulation data supplied with this application note the SME serves as a signal source for various test and measurement applications in the whole frequency range of IS-136 (NADC).

01-Jul-1999 | AN-No. 1GPAN35

Despite the now standard digital distribution of video signals, analog video signals are still an integral part of AV terminals in the home. This application note covers the fundamentals of analog component signals and shows how the signal quality can be measured with the measuring equipment from Rohde & Schwarz.

28-May-2015 | AN-No. 7MH107

Sequencer Software Tool

20-Feb-2015

This application note describes how to connect R&S® test and measurement products quickly and seamlessly to AWR® Visual System Simulator™ (VSS) via a GPIB or LAN interface. Using AWR® Connected™ customized for Rohde & Schwarz hardware and R&S® WinIQSIM2™ signal simulation software, the flexibility of digital radio standards is highlighted and its integration into VSS is demonstrated.

20-May-2010 | AN-No. 1MA174

This application note presents means to determine the quality of color-reproduction on TVs and monitors using the R&S®DVSG Digital Video Signal Generator in combination with the Konica Minolta CS-2000 spectroradiometer and the accompanying Konica Minolta CS-S10w analysis software.

13-Aug-2010 | AN-No. 7BM78

Particle acceleration requires cavity resonators that are driven with high RF powers at defined frequencies. Rohde & Schwarz offers RF solid-state amplifiers for frequencies ranging from 9 kHz to 6 GHz, delivering CW power up to 80 kW.

27-Apr-2016

This application note describes the basic frequency filter measurements that are often required during service repairs, during development of simple circuits and for training purposes. These measurements do not always require high-end T&M equipment. Instruments in this class typically offer a very wide range of measurement functions coupled with the best-possible RF performance. However, these features are not necessary for simple applications. This application note therefore describes measurements using instruments from the cost-effective Rohde & Schwarz Value Instruments series. The instruments in this series offer the measurement accuracy demanded by quality-conscious users plus easy operation and all of the functionality needed for everyday measurement tasks.

27-Mar-2015 | AN-No. 1MA243

3GPP TS36.141 defines conformance tests for EUTRA base stations (eNodeB). Release 14 added several tests, especially for enhanced License Assisted Access (eLAA).This application note describes how all required receiver (Rx) tests (TS36.141 Chapter 7) can be performed quickly and easily by using vector signal generators from Rohde & Schwarz. A few tests additionally require spectrum analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz.Examples illustrate the manual operation. A free software program enables and demonstrates remote operation.The LTE base station transmitter (Tx) tests (TS36.141 Chapter 6) are described in Application Note 1MA154.The LTE base station performance (Px) tests (TS36.141 Chapter 8) are described in Application Note 1MA162.

11-May-2016 | AN-No. 1MA195

R&S®NESTOR cellular network analysis software supports law enforcement agencies in alibi verification by analyzing mobile network traces. R&S®NESTOR gives users reliable confirmation of whether an individual’s mobile phone was at a specific location at the time of a crime.

10-Apr-2024

7BM30 Digital TV,DTV,DVB,MPEG2,Broadcasting,Television,SFQ,EFA Phase Jitter in DTV Signals Phase Jitter in DTV Signals 7BM30 Digital TV,DTV,DVB,MPEG2,Broadcasting,Television,SFQ,EFA Phase Jitter in DTV Signals

16-May-2002 | AN-No. 7BM30

This Application Note describes measurements compliant with the cdma2000 base station standard described in 3GPP2 C.S0010 / TIA/EIA-97 / ARIB STD-T64-C.S0010.The primary focus is on solutions for generating and analyzing cdma2000 signals. The special characteristics that make the selected signal generators and signal analyzers eminently suitable for this purpose are detailed, and remote control programming is demonstrated by a free of charge program.

05-Sep-2003 | AN-No. 1MA61

In an ideal scenario, a probe accurately transmits a signal from the device under test (DUT) in its original form with no alterations. Differential probes are designed to eliminate common-mode (CM) distortion by cancelling out identical signal artifacts on each socket relative to earth. In practice, issues such as poor CM rejection, frequency response degradation and signal distortion can compromise signal integrity, particularly in high-speed power applications where signal fidelity is crucial.

25-Nov-2024

The need for higher data rates and flexibility for IP and Cable TV (CATV) has led to the introduction of DOCSIS®3.1. With channel bandwidths up to 192 MHz and 96 MHz on the downstream and upstream respectively as well as the cable network frequency extension up to 1.2 GHz (1.8 GHz as a future extension) the technical requirements of cable components have increased significantly. This application note describes a test scenario tor testing cable components with an R&S®CLGD Cable Load Generator for DOCSIS 3.1 or R&S®SFD DOCSIS 3.1 Generator and an R&S®FSW Signal & Spectrum Analyzer.

24-Jan-2017 | AN-No. 1MA285

The R&S®SMBV100B signal generator offers a remote emulation feature that makes it possible to control the instrument by commands other than the built-in native SCPI commands. This feature allows the user to replace signal generators, e.g. from other manufacturers, with the R&S®SMBV100B without having to change the remote control code.This application note describes how to use the remote emulation feature in general. Furthermore, it describes in detail the remote emulation for each supported instrument, limitations of the individual emulations and the remaining differences between the emulated and the original commands.

30-Sep-2019 | AN-No. 1GP121

A vector-modulated microwave signal can be generated by mixing an I/Q-modulated signal with a microwave carrier. This Application Note describes the frequency upconversion using a standard passive mixer. The basics of mixer operation are introduced and the conversion process is demonstrated in detail with a test setup and corresponding measurements. The mixer selection guide will make it easier to choose a proper mixer for individual applications.

18-Dec-2008 | AN-No. 1GP65

To analyse the quality of CD players, lots of measurements have to be done. This application note presents a program, which combines these measurements to an automatically running sequence and gives a printout of the results. A test CD is used for generating the test signals. Here the Audio Test Disc UPA-CD from Rohde & Schwarz is used, which holds all required signals in a sequence permitting automatic measurements to be carried out, without the need of controlling the CD player. In addition, this application note explains the measurements and informs about the different standards.

16-Feb-1998 | AN-No. 1GA21

The R&S®QPS quick personnel security scanners are new, high-resolution security scanners designed specifically to make people screening at security checkpoints faster, more effective and comfortable.

23-Jan-2019

This document describes WLAN tests which rely on communication (signaling) between R&S®CMW and device under test (DUT) and on transmission of packet data over WLAN. On the R&S®CMW side the WLAN Signaling application is required, for some tests also the Data Application Unit (DAU).The test principles and the necessary settings are explained and background infor-mation is given. Step-by-step procedures are provided for the main configuration tasks.

08-Feb-2016 | AN-No. 1C107

The UPL Audio Analyzer can be remote-controlled via the IEEE bus or the RS-232-C interface. Test results are output either individually or in blocks. ASCII or binary files such as setup files can be transferred to the audio analyzer from an external controller. This Application transfers files from the audio analyzer to an external controller via the serial interface. Utility programs for the audio analyzer and the external controller (PC) are required.

15-Nov-2001 | AN-No. 1GA42

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a pillar of 6G. Combining two different yet similar worlds – communications and environmental sensing – brings the future to life in the 6G era. The key ISAC drivers are beamforming with MIMO arrays, artificial intelligence (AI), modern modulation schemes and dense network infrastructure. The R&S®AREG800A automotive radar echo generator is a core element of a versatile research and development test solution in the ISAC community.

11-Mar-2024

Multichannel signal reception in parallel using digital downconverters in a monitoring receiver.

14-May-2014

High-speed serial interfaces often transmit data with differential signaling and differential probes that can be used to access signal traces. In addition to differential inputs, these probes have a ground connection.

02-Nov-2022

The automotive industry is undergoing a transformative shift towards electrification. Precise measurement and analysis of electric drivetrains are vital to improved performance, efficiency and reliability. MXO oscilloscopes have become an essential test tool for these measurements, with real-time insight into voltage and current waveforms that let engineers and technicians explore the intricate mechanisms to improve drivetrain performance and efficiency.

12-Mar-2024

Rohde & Schwarz instruments can be shared when users wish to use the same instrument. This can be done quite easily with the LAN interface, which comes as a standard option. Through this interface, Rohde & Schwarz instruments can be connected directly to a network, and users with access to the network can manually operate the instrument from a remote computer. This Application Note lists all instruments that support these features and describes the steps necessary to set up and configure the network connection to operate these instruments remotely.

05-Jul-2007 | AN-No. RAC-0703-0029

Smartly verify and decode Bluetooth® Low Energy (BLE) transmit signals with a reliable and costefficient spectrum analyzer – the R&S®FPC.

17-May-2018