The R&S®SMW200A vector signal generator can take on the role of a powerful and flexible signal generation source for the most realistic and agile radar scenarios in highly integrated radar scenario simulators. Equipped with the R&S®SMW-K503/-K504 options, the R&S®SMW200A can generate any stateof-the-art and future I/Q modulated radar signals from streamed pulse descriptor words (PDW). It supports a PDW execution rate of up to 12 megapulse descriptor words per second (MPDW/s).

20-Nov-2020

This application note describes the general setup and required equipment for EMC measurements according to the EMS standard IEC / EN 61000-4-3.

29-Mar-2007 | AN-No. 1SP32

When analyzing the robustness of data transmission systems, jitter is a key indicator. It is recommended to use jitter measurement instruments for both the time and frequency domain in order to differentiate between fast and slow moving artifacts.

22-Aug-2017

The R&S®CMW Wideband Radio Communication Tester offers an elaborate parametric test concept, including all RF test cases up to Bluetooth®5, that makes this flexible test platform ideal for designing and verifying Bluetooth® Low Energy (LE) circuitsand modules.

27-Jan-2017

Integration of instruments with an Ethernet interface, such as the R&S®OSP open switch and control platform, into a pure GPIB bus system.

02-Aug-2010

A turnkey 5G Field-to-Lab solution based on R&S®CMX500

5G New Radio (NR) is the fifth-generation radio interface and radio access technology (RAT) which was officially published by 3GPP in release 15. With the 5G technology, it enters a new era to meet the ever-increasing demands of mobile communications not only in the conventional cellular communication world, but also in the vertical industries.Since the commercialization of 5G NR, worldwide 162 networks have been deployed as per the report of GSA. On the path to the 5G NR network commercialization and service launch, field test is one of the essential user centric processes that User Equipment (UE) vendors should go through. Sophisticated features and versatile deployment options have to be thoroughly checked to ensure the reaching of certain confidence level before the official launch.However, field test is often linked with some challenges, such as► High costs due to the extensive drive tests► Time tedious analysis of a drive test that lowers the efficiency► Lack of test repeatability that makes the regressing tests impossibleWhat if providing an alternative solution in a laboratory environment to cope with all above mentioned challenges during the field test? R&S® as a world-wide well established test measurement equipment manufacturer and solution provider developed a 5G field-to-lab (F2L) turn-key solution, R&S®CM360°. It features► the simulation of the network with the real network configurations to avoid the cost intensive drive test by utilizing mobile radio tester R&S®CMX500► intuitive tools to visualize, drill down the problems and therefore enhance the debugging efficiency based on R&S®SmartAnlytics► the specialized key performance indicator (KPI) tests configured through real network data offered on R&S®CMX500 that guarantee the test reliability and repeatabilityThis application note aims to demonstrate the status of quo R&S®CM360° F2L solution.

16-Jul-2021 | AN-No. 1SL369

This application note describes Methods of Implementations (MOI) for precise, fast and error-free compliance testing of high-speed backplanes and direct attach copper cables (DAC) according to InfiniBand EDR and HDR specifications, based on 25 Gb/s and 50 Gb/s signaling per lane with vector network analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz.

07-Apr-2021 | AN-No. GFM357

Fokus EMI debugging

24-Jul-2024

The R&S VSA and R&S UAF video analyzers have been designed for measurements on CCVS signals. Under certain conditions, they can also be used for measuring the primary colour components RGB and TV signals in the S-Video format.

21-Feb-2003 | AN-No. 7BM29E

This application note explains how to synchronize the signals from multiple R&S®SMBV100A vector signal generators in time.The synchronization of the instruments is based on a master-slave principle where one R&S®SMBV100A acts as master and supplies all necessary synchronization signals to the other instruments (slaves). The setup is simple and provides highly synchronized test signals. Time synchronous signals are needed in several applications. The master-slave setup is ideal for basic MIMO tests, certain GNSS test scenarios and WLAN IEEE 802.11ac non-contiguous channel generation. Furthermore, synchronous baseband signals are the basis for generating phase coherent RF signals with the R&S®SMBV100A.

09-Jul-2013 | AN-No. 1GP84

Development of modern EW systems is a complex and expensive process, that requires thorough testing against all requirements during all phases of development. To keep cost under control, system level testing in the lab is key and brings several advantages: test cases can be reproduced under the exact same conditions as often as necessary. System level testing in the lab is often performed in a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) environment. This application note provides some insight into generating radar signals for hardware-in-the-loop testing with the R&S®SMW200A. An introduction to HIL testing and realtime operation of the R&S®SMW200A is given. The hardware and software interface, the PDW format and synchronization and timing mechanisms are described. Additionally, various example scenarios and detailed information about intermediate calculations are provided. The application note also provides information about system requirements for advanced PDW streaming with multiple emitters on multiple parallel streams.

22-Jan-2021 | AN-No. 1GP124

Rohde & Schwarz signal generators can generate standard-compliant WLAN IEEE 802.11ax signals for high efficiency (HE) receiver testing.This application note helps to choose the right generator test solutions and explains step-by-step how to generate 802.11ax SISO and MIMO signals. Measurements, such as EVM, are presented to illustrate the signal performance. Furthermore, this document shows how to test 802.11ax receiver specifications and the newly introduced HE trigger-based PPDU specifications according to the IEEE P802.11ax/D1.3 specification draft.

16-Aug-2017 | AN-No. 1GP115

CLGD, FSW, Applicataion Card, CATV, DOCSIS 3.1 DOCSIS 3.1 BER testing on CATV amplifiers with R&S ® CLGD and R&S ® FSW DOCSIS 3.1 BER testing on CATV amplifiers with R&S®CLGD and R&S®FSW CLGD, FSW, Applicataion Card, CATV, DOCSIS 3.1 DOCSIS 3.1 BER testing on CATV amplifiers with R&S ® CLGD and R&S ® FSW DOCSIS 3.1 BER testing on CATV amplifiers with R&S®CLGD and R&S®FSW CLGD, FSW, Applicataion Card

06-Dec-2016

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) created the MBRAI specifications, which call for strict conformance tests that ensure the proper functionality of mobile receiver terminals for DVB-T/H transmissions. MBRAI is a common abbreviation of the IEC 62002 standard and stands for “mobile and portable DVB-T/H radio access interface”. This Application Note describes how the Broadcast Test System R&S®SFU provides all functions to generate MBRAI-compliant test signals. Only two special measurements require additional sources. For this purpose, the Test Transmitter R&S®SFE100 is used.

28-Nov-2007 | AN-No. 7BM61

This application note describes Methods of Implementation (MOI) for precise, fast, and error-free compliance testing of USB Type-C to legacy cable assemblies supporting USB3.1 Gen2, USB3.1 Gen1, and USB2.0. Based on 5 Gbps signaling per lane with vector network analyzers from Rohde & Schwarz.

18-Jan-2024 | AN-No. 1SL406

This application note provides basic information about settling time measurements and describes how frequency settling time measurements can be easily and convenient performed using a modern spectrum analyzer with integrated signal analysis capabilities.The analog demodulation measurement application R&S®FSxx-K7 performs frequency and phase settling time measurements using a modern wideband concept, and results are obtained easily and convenient with an integrated settling time measurement capability.

18-Jun-2022 | AN-No. 1EF112

This application note describes how to generate 3GPP (UTRA-FDD) signals for receiver tests under fading conditions for user equipment. The test setup requires an R&S®CMU200 Universal Radio Communication Tester with option R&S®CMU-B17 IQ-IF interface and an R&S®SMIQ Vector Signal Generator. The test setup can be calibrated with either a R&S®NRP-Zx USB power sensor or an NRP, NRVD, or NRVS Power Meter. To calibrate the baseband and RF path and configure performance tests according to the 3GPP test specification 34.121 easily, the program 3GFadLevCor is included.

01-Mar-2005 | AN-No. 1MA76

The Internet of Things (IoT) is considered the driving force of current and future wireless communications. In release 13, 3GPP has specified Narrowband-IoT (NB-IoT) as a new physical layer. This application note gives a short introduction to NB-IoT and shows the easy measurements with Rohde & Schwarz instruments.

30-Jun-2017 | AN-No. 1MA296

Reliable small cell planning is essential for important deployments like hospitals, manufacturing facilities, simply VIP (CxO) office floors or meeting rooms (the list of examples is endless). Often planning tools do not provide this high reliability and required accuracy.This application note is a simple step-by-step guide that introduces a practical method to perform reliable small cell planning.

09-Feb-2017 | AN-No. 1MA297

This application note offers a straightforward description of how to analyze EMI problems using the Rohde & Schwarz Oscilloscopes. The discussion begins by covering the basic mechanisms that can result in unwanted RF emissions and then describes how to proceed in analyzing EMI problems. Finally, a practical example is given to illustrate the analysis process.

25-Jun-2014 | AN-No. 1TD05

This application note describes the different memory types and locations that user information can be stored in a spectrum analyzer R&S® FSP, R&S® FSU or R&S® FSQ, as well as the different ways in which it can be erased/cleared for security reasons.

20-Sep-2004 | AN-No. 1EF53

The R&S®FPS-K18 amplifier measurement option in combination with the R&S®FPS signal and spectrum analyzer and the R&S®SGT100A SGMA vector RF source enables high-speed amplifier characterization.

13-Jun-2016

From designing a test setup to performing accurate measurements

Double-Pulse testing is a standard test-method used in power electronics design. Accurate measurements require a careful design of the test setup and the selection of the right measurement instruments. This application note discusses important aspects of double-pulse test setups as well as how to perform accurate measurements.

22-Mar-2021 | AN-No. GFM347

10BASE-T1S Ethernet enables the integration of diverse sensors into an automotive-Ethernet vehicle supply system, for example short-range radar sensors for detecting blind spots or ultrasonic sensors for the parking assistant. For reliable operation of the functions, data transmission over 10BASE‑T1S Ethernet must be assured at all times and in every climatic environment. Functionality must be tested during development and in production. Only 10BASE-T1S Ethernet interfaces that have passed compliance testing in line with IEEE 802.3cg can be deployed in vehicles. Consequently, vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers need measuring equipment that allows them to perform these tests quickly and reliably.

15-May-2020

Make more accurate power rail measurements.

17-Jul-2018

PAM-4 (4-level pulse amplitude modulation) has been introduced in high-speed serial data technology to reduce the bandwidth demands of ultra-high data rates. It uses only half the bandwidth per bit that would be required of conventional NRZ (non-return to zero) modulation. But at the same time, PAM-4 signaling complicates design and test at every turn. Evaluation of channels is now just as important to system development as serializer / deserializer (SerDes) testing and the challenges presented require a higher level of test and measurement performance than ever before. This paper investigates the evaluation complexities of PAM-4 interconnects at high data rates.

22-Oct-2020 | AN-No. GFM355

The compact R&S®CMA180 Radio Test Set allows straighforward tests on devices that use analog or digital modulation and demodulation formats. This application note focusses on the use of the digital radio capabilities for measurements on radio transceiving devices in terms of their functionality and parameter characterization. Also shown is how to use the instrument with the various software tools available from Rohde & Schwarz for creating and evaluating digitally modulated signals. Various software examples are provided as free download along this paper. This application note addresses readers who develop, produce or optimize digital radio transmitting and receiving devices or maintain analog radio communication equipment alongside those with digital modulation.

10-Feb-2017 | AN-No. 1MA277

Using VISA (Virtual Instrument Software Architecture) several interfaces allow communication between your computer and instruments. This application note describes the usage of both - R&S® VISA- NI VISA running on Microsoft Windows 10™ with the following connection types: ► USB VCP (Virtual Com Port), also called USB CDC (Communications Device Class) ► USB TMC (Test and Measurement Class)► Ethernet Raw Port Socket► Ethernet in general e.g. VXI11 or HislipAll the examples are shown using the R&S® HMC8042 unless otherwise stated. There may be some difference when integrating other devices. As example some interface types are not available on every unit.This application note does not claim to be complete. All information has been compiled with care. However, errors can’t be ruled out.

28-Oct-2021 | AN-No. 1SL374

Power Added Efficiency (PAE) is a key parameter for the characterization of an amplifier.This application notes introduces two alternative methods how to do the Power Added Efficiency measurement. The first one is based on the R&S ZNB vector network analyzer (VNA) measurement function. Alternatively to this, the PAE tracer macro is introduced. This macro offers to make the PAE at an user selected compression point of the amplifier versus frequency. The PAE tracer macro is provided together with this application note.

22-May-2013 | AN-No. 1EZ64

The R&S®CMP200 radio communication tester together with the R&S®CM-Z300A time of flight kit provides an accurate setup for time of flight measurements – in validation, calibration and certification.

27-Jul-2022