LTE – the fastest growing mobile radio standard – had its beginnings in 3GPP Release 8. Initial improvements and new features were implemented in Release 9. This Application Note describes the T&M methods for LTE Release 9 features using Rohde & Schwarz instruments.

26-Apr-2013 | AN-No. 1MA210

In response to the growing number of WLAN modules that also support a cellular network (converged devices), CTIA published a plan with new tests in August 2006 that certifies Wi-Fi conformance. This Application Note first addresses the transmitter tests of the CTIA plan. For these tests Rohde&Schwarz offers preprogrammed instrument setups. They enable you to perform the measurements on the WLAN test set easily and quickly. Moreover, this Application Note shows how you can check the spectrum transmit mask defined for OFDM by means of only one keystroke on the Rohde&Schwarz spectrum analyzers.

11-Oct-2006 | AN-No. 1MA107

This application note describes how to use the Rohde & Schwarz software tool ‘RsBatchConvert.exe’ for the conversion of binary data or WinIQSIM generated AMIQ waveforms into the new waveform format. The tool not only rescales I/Q data contained in the file but also changes the K-option requirement from WinIQSIM Kxx to the new WinIQSIM2 K2xx options. Thus, new instruments with installed K2xx options may be used to continue using existing waveform files.

18-Jun-2009 | AN-No. 1GP64

The SMIQB Vector Signal Generator and the AMIQ I/Q Modulation Generator with the WinIQSIM™ software are outstanding signal sources for 3rd generation communication systems. This paper describes how to apply R&S signal generators for 3GPP WCDMA measurements, and introduces 3GPP WCDMA and related measurement applications.

27-Nov-2000 | AN-No. 1GP39

The fact that cable TV networks are generally located in densely populated areas or extend over large geographical regions makes the presence of line extenders at regular intervals a necessity. Cascading large numbers of amplifiers however calls for excellent noise, SWR and intermodulation distortion specifications for the integrated amplifiers in order to avoid quality of service dropping below minimum acceptable levels. Composite second order, composite triple beat & cross modulation are commonly used figures to specify the performance of CATV equipment. In this application note we describe how to determine these figures with the aid of R&S SMU200A or AFQ100A and SMV vector signal generators.

11-Aug-2006 | AN-No. RAC-0605-016

This application note describes how to detect even small fails in dynamic turn indicators with R&S®AdVISE.

30-Jul-2020 | AN-No. 1S006

A great number of measurements have to be performed to determine the quality of FM tuners. This Application Note presents a program that permits these measurements to be carried out in line with DIN EN60315-4.

11-Feb-2003 | AN-No. 1GA43

For conducted immunity tests, EMC labs require a test signal source driven at high RF powers and at defined frequencies. Rohde&Schwarz offers a compact solution with a signal generator, an RF solid-state amplifier with power up to 350 W, power sensors and test software for the frequency range from 4 kHz to 400 MHz.

03-Dec-2021

The NRT power reflection meter can measure the average burst power of TDMA signals. This application note shows how to use this feature to measure the average power in the useful part of GSM/EDGE bursts. The procedure given here can also be modified for use with other TDMA systems.

01-Dec-2003 | AN-No. 1GP47

Autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles rely on a complex hardware and software architecture to gather and exploit information from numerous radar sensors. To generate reliable data, the sensors require an unobstructed view of the surroundings. The bumpers or radomes mounted in front of the sensors must not impair radar functionality. This requires extensive testing of the deployed plastic parts and their underlying polymer structure. The R&S®QAR50 is the ideal tool to characterize the material properties of polymers and their influence on the quality of the radar signal at an early design stage and in quality control of material development.

24-Jun-2022

Measurement deviations due to systematic errors of a network analysis system can be drastically reduced by an appropriate system error calibration. After system error correction, the residual measurement uncertainties are - besides the stability, linearity, and dynamic range of the network analyzer system - mainly affected by the quality of the calibration standards and the repeatability of the connections. The effective measurement accuracy of the network analysis system can be determined using the results of successive verification measurements utilizing highly precise verification standards.

24-Jan-2001 | AN-No. 1EZ48

This Application Note gives a short overview how signals with two different modulation schemes can be analyzed using the R&S®FSW (or R&S®FPS) using its Multi-Standard-Radio-Analyzer (MSRA) and Vector Signal Analysis personality. The Application Note focuses on DVB-S2(X) signals, but the approach may be used for similar signals as well, as e.g. used in microwave backhaul links.The Application Note also provides a software tool that automates the configuration and provides the variety of different constellations that are used within DVB-S2(X).

18-Apr-2016 | AN-No. 1EF93

IQWizard is a tool for loading IQ signal files in various formats and measuring IQ signals with a FSx spectrum analyzer or ESx Receiver. The obtained IQ data in memory can be stored in various formats or be transmitted to an R&S® vector signal generator with WinIQSIM™ or WinIQSIM2™.

26-Apr-2013 | AN-No. 1MA028

Multiple antenna systems, known as MIMO systems, form an essential part of today’s wireless communications standards. This multi-antenna technology efficiently boosts the data throughput without requiring additional bandwidth, and has thus become a key technology. Rohde & Schwarz offers high-performance MIMO test solutions which provide static conditions without fading as well as simulation of complex fading scenarios.This application note explains how to set up 4x4 and 8x8 MIMO systems using the R&S®SMBV100A signal generator for measurements under static conditions without fading.For simulation of complex fading scenarios please refer to application note 1GP97.

10-Mar-2010 | AN-No. 1GP50

More and more everyday items such as household appliances, vehicles, lights, etc. are now connected to the Internet, forming what is known as the "Internet of Things". Even clothing with sewn-in sensors to measure vital functions can now connect to the Internet and transmit data to cloud services. These different things use a variety of wireless technology standards to establish a connection. Due to its popularity, one of the most important standards is Bluetooth (or Bluetooth Low Energy). Before a new product with Bluetooth functionality can be launched, the qualification process defined by the Bluetooth SIG must be successfully completed. To save time and money, performance tests need to be performed in the development stage. This application note describes how to use the R&S CMW platform to perform the measurements defined in Bluetooth test specification version 5. As an alternative solution, we also cover how to perform almost all of the measurements with a spectrum analyzer and signal generator.The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Rohde & Schwarz is under license.

19-Jun-2017 | AN-No. 1MA282

Voice over IP for air traffic control

02-Nov-2011

The R&S®NRP2 power meter offers a remote emulation feature that makes it possible to control the instrument by commands other than the built-in native SCPI commands. This feature allows the user to replace power meters, e.g. from other manufacturers, with the R&S®NRP2 power meter without having to change the remote control code. This application note describes how to use the remote emulation feature in general. Furthermore, it describes in detail the remote emulation for each supported instrument, limitations of the individual emulations and the remaining differences between the emulated and the original commands.

28-Feb-2012 | AN-No. 1GP83

Trace minimum hold function with the R&S®MNT100, R&S®PR200, R&S®PR100 and R&S®DDF007

15-Jul-2019

3GPP TS36.141 defines conformance tests for EUTRA base stations (eNodeB). Release 14 (LTEAdvanced Pro) added several tests, such as those for enhanced Licensed Assisted Access (eLAA).This application note describes how all required performance tests (TS36.141 Chapter 8) can be performed quickly and easily by using vector signal generators from Rohde & Schwarz.Examples illustrate the manual operation. A free software program enables and demonstrates remote operation.The LTE base station transmitter (Tx) tests (TS36.141 Chapter 6) are described in Application Note 1MA154.The LTE base station receiver (Rx) tests (TS36.141 Chapter 7) are described in Application Note 1MA195.

11-May-2016 | AN-No. 1MA162

With the R&S®RTB2000/RTM3000/RTA4000 oscilloscopes, you control and interact remotely via LAN. These oscilloscopes incorporate the USB-based connectivity standard media transfer protocol (MTP).

20-Mar-2017

The terrestrial television standard DVB T2 is gaining in significance as a result of the growing scarcity of available frequencies. New systems are being tested in many countries around the world. Other countries have already completed the introductory phase for DVB T2. Broadcasting transmitters are subject to particularly stringent standards with respect to broadcast signal quality, because even small faults can lead to service disruptions for many viewers or even disrupt adjacent channels.A single instrument, the R&S®ETL TV analyzer, performs all required DVB-T2 transmitter measurements, from the initial acceptance testing for the transmitter, to measurements performed during commissioning and preventive maintenance.The measurements described here satisfy many country-specific and customer-specific test specifications. Users need only set the limit values accordingly.

23-Jul-2014 | AN-No. 7BM106

Polychrome display method with the R&S®PR100, R&S®PR200, R&S®DDF007 and R&S®MNT100

09-Sep-2020

The R&S®SITLine ETH's military-grade cryptography secures monitoring network data.

07-Jul-2014

This application note describes how to test and perform a WLAN power measurement using the R&S CMU200 by means of remote-control or manual operation.

18-Oct-2005 | AN-No. 1CM55

Designing and implementing an active phased array antenna requires precise characterization of individual components and the integrated performance of the array. To ensure an accurate test of the intended adaptive nature of the active phased array antenna, the embedded algorithms need to be tested as well.This application note aims to explain test procedures and give recommendations towards characterization of the relevant parameters for active phased array antennas and their passive subsystem, as often used in applications for Mobile Communication and RADAR. This application note describes transmit signal quality testing, multi-element amplitude and phase measurement techniques both in receive and transmit cases and introduces a new automated test methodology antenna radiation pattern measurement over frequency. This paper also describes the test system used for transmit and receive module (TRM) characterization in active array antennas.

04-Jul-2016 | AN-No. 1MA248

This Application Note describes measurements compliant with the cdma2000 base station standard described in 3GPP2 C.S0010 / TIA/EIA-97 / ARIB STD-T64-C.S0010.The primary focus is on solutions for generating and analyzing cdma2000 signals. The special characteristics that make the selected signal generators and signal analyzers eminently suitable for this purpose are detailed, and remote control programming is demonstrated by a free of charge program.

05-Sep-2003 | AN-No. 1MA61

The R&S®SMBV100B signal generator offers a remote emulation feature that makes it possible to control the instrument by commands other than the built-in native SCPI commands. This feature allows the user to replace signal generators, e.g. from other manufacturers, with the R&S®SMBV100B without having to change the remote control code.This application note describes how to use the remote emulation feature in general. Furthermore, it describes in detail the remote emulation for each supported instrument, limitations of the individual emulations and the remaining differences between the emulated and the original commands.

30-Sep-2019 | AN-No. 1GP121

The RSIB interface enables the network analyzers of the ZVR family to be controlled by means of Windows applications via DDE. The interface functions are contained in the DLL RSIB.DLL. The other DLL RSDDE.DLL provides functions for the DDE access to the instrument firmware. These functions are used by RSIB.DLL. The interface of these functions greatly corresponds to that of National Instruments for programming the GPIB. The function names are similar to those of the NI library but preceded by RSDLL. The two DLLs are part of the firmware and are updated with the firmware update kits.

31-Jul-1998 | AN-No. 1EZ33

RF system noise contributions define receiver capabilities and sensitivity. The noise figure measures how the critical components affect the signal.

28-Jan-2022

The Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers (SCTE) defined the ANSI/SCTE 40 specification: Digital Cable Network Interface Standard. ANSI/SCTE 40 tests are designed to test conformance of set-top boxes and other cable receiving equipment to ensure that they will operate correctly when installed in a cable system. The tests are a combination of noise (AWGN and phase noise), AM hum, micro-reflections, digital and analog adjacent channels, and other discrete interferences. These impairments are found on most cable systems to some degree. Rohde & Schwarz provides set-top box manufacturers with an easy solution to perform conformance testing in line with ANSI/SCTE 40 by using the R&S®SFU broadcast test system and the R&S®SFE100 broadcast tester. The R&S®SFU is able to perform most of the test procedures in one unit. Furthermore, additional test transmitters allow the simulation of full channel loading. This Application Note explains the specific test requirements, a possible setup, and the configuration using the R&S®SFU/SFE100.

29-Oct-2009 | AN-No. 7BM68