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Describes all instrument functions and remote control commands, as well as measurement and programming examples.

English - 2026/03/27

Provides the information required to prepare the instrument for use and start working.

English - 2026/03/27

Provides information on security issues when working with R&S®ZNA in secure areas.

English - 2022/09/08

Vector Network Analyzers of t ZNA and ZNB family are able to measure magnitude and phase of complex S-parameters of a device under test (DUT) in the frequency domain. By means of the inverse Fourier transform the measurement results can be transformed to the time domain. Thus, the impulse or step response of the DUT is obtained, which gives an especially clear form of representation of its characteristics. For instance, faults in cables can thus be directly localized. Moreover, special time domain filters, so-called gates, are used to suppress unwanted signal components such as multireflections. The measured data "gated" in the time domain are then transformed back to the frequency domain and an Sparameter representation without the unwanted signal components is obtained as a function of frequency. As usual, other complex or scalar parameters such as impedance or attenuation can then be calculated and displayed.

English - 2020/07/30

Vector network analyzers are the most accurate instruments in the microwave engineer’s lab. The R&S®ZNA takes accuracy to a new level. Not only is the instrument extremely precise, but now it also calculates and displays the measurement uncertainty right on the screen as the device under test is being measured.

English - 2021/07/19

English - 2025/07/23

English - 2024/07/31

English - 2026/04/29

The R&S®ZNA vector network analyzer with integrated LO output and direct IF input options is a simple, cost-effective solution for 2-port and 4-port measurements using Rohde & Schwarz mmWave converters.

English - 2021/07/19

Japanese - 2024/07/31

At these high frequencies, accurate measurements are essential for characterizing active and passive components such as amplifiers, mixers and differential lines.

English - 2025/08/14

Japanese - 2026/04/29

The R&S®ZNA vector network analyzer with integrated LO output and direct IF input options is a simple, cost-effective solution for 2-port and 4-port measurements using Rohde & Schwarz mmWave converters.

English - 2023/04/27

Japanese - 2025/07/23

The R&S®ZNA vector network analyzer enables reliable (high-gain) receiver and low-noise block converter (LNB) characterization with a R&S®ZNA two-port unit and a simple setup.

English - 2025/06/12

Provides the information required to prepare the instrument for use and start working.

English - 2025/12/04

The R&S®ZNA vector network analyzer enables high-power amplifier testing under real operating conditions.

English - 2025/07/14

RF engineers are increasingly confronted with the task of characterizing devices operating in the mmWave range. The vector network analyzer (VNA) R&S ZNA, along with R&S or RPG ZC<xxx> mmWave converters, provides a broad range of measurement solutions fulfilling this task. This application note is intended to provide help for choosing the right measuring instruments and accessories, interconnecting them correctly, setting up the instruments, calibrating them and finally obtaining measurement results.Both linear and nonlinear measurement quantities are covered. In both categories, one further distinguishes between devices that do not change the frequency of the input signal (e.g. transmission lines, attenuators, amplifiers) and those that do (e.g. mixers, frequency multipliers). Generally, the complexity of setup and calibration is higher in the latter case.The ZNA user interface is designed to assist the user with defining the wanted measurement quantities and their associated parameters like source power, LO frequency, and tone distance for two-tone measurements. It shows the needed setup schematically and proposes how to calibrate this setup including all necessary steps. Many common pitfalls lurking when calibration is completely done manually are avoided by automatic compilation of the calibration.Following this concept, the chapters of this application note first give a brief description of the characterization quantities treated in the chapter, then outline the measurement setup, take a look at calibration and provide examples of measurement results as they appear on the ZNA display.

English - 2026/04/29

Load pull is a powerful method for characterizing RF power amplifiers through impedance variation. Load pull enables model extraction and validation as well as performance, ruggedness and efficiency testing.

English - 2020/09/02

With continuously increasing data rates, signal integrity in high speed digital designs becomes more and more demanding

English - 2022/07/08

For measurements of non-connectorized devices, test fixtures, probes or other structures are used to adapt from the coaxial interface of the test setup to the device under test (DUT). For accurate measurements of the DUT, these lead-ins and lead-outs need to be characterized, so that their effects can be mathematically removed, i.e. de-embedded from the measurement results.This application note provides practical hints to accurately characterize and de-embed these lead-in and lead-out structures with R&S Vector Network Analyzers ZNA, ZNB, ZNBT and ZND. As de-embedding is also essential in other test equipment like oscilloscopes, etc., this guide also describes, how lead-ins and lead-outs can be accurately characterized with a VNA and then exported as an S-Parameter file to be used by other test instruments.

English - 2022/09/19